Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swalaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

An o-grade adjectival formation related to *swelaną (to burn slowly, create a burningly cold sensation), with pre-form *swolH-o-s.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈswɑ.lɑz/

Adjective

*swalaz

  1. cold
    Antonyms: *warmaz, *haitaz

Inflection

Declension of *swalaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *swalaz *swalō *swalą, -atō *swalai *swalôz *swalō
accusative *swalanǭ *swalǭ *swalą, -atō *swalanz *swalōz *swalō
genitive *swalas, -is *swalaizōz *swalas, -is *swalaizǫ̂ *swalaizǫ̂ *swalaizǫ̂
dative *swalammai *swalaizōi *swalammai *swalaimaz *swalaimaz *swalaimaz
instrumental *swalanō *swalaizō *swalanō *swalaimiz *swalaimiz *swalaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *swalô *swalǭ *swalô *swalaniz *swalōniz *swalōnō
accusative *swalanų *swalōnų *swalô *swalanunz *swalōnunz *swalōnō
genitive *swaliniz *swalōniz *swaliniz *swalanǫ̂ *swalōnǫ̂ *swalanǫ̂
dative *swalini *swalōni *swalini *swalammaz *swalōmaz *swalammaz
instrumental *swalinē *swalōnē *swalinē *swalammiz *swalōmiz *swalammiz
  • *swalį̄
  • *swaliz
  • *swalijaz
  • *swaluz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: svalr
    • Icelandic: svalur
    • Faroese: svalur
    • Norwegian: sval
    • Old Swedish: sval
    • Old Danish: swal

Further reading

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*swaljan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 494:cf. ON svalr, Far. svalur adj. 'cool, fresh' (< *'burning cold')