jautrs
Latvian
Etymology
From a parallel o-stem form of an adjective *jautrus, derived from the verb jaust (“to sense, to guess”) (see just (“to feel”)). The meaning evolution was probably “which feels, perceives” > “which feels, perceives with humor” > “which expresses humor, merriment.” From the original meaning, also “which feels, which is awake, not asleep,” whence jautrs miegs “light sleep”; also from the original meaning, “ingenious, quick-witted,” as in jautra galva “ingenious head.” Cognates include Latvian jautrùs (“irritable, sensitive, alert, watchful”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jàwtɾs]
Audio: (file)
Adjective
jautrs (definite jautrais, comparative jautrāks, superlative visjautrākais, adverb jautri)
- cheerful, merry, happy (characterized by joyful emotions)
- Ina ir jautra meitene, viņai patīk smieties, jokoties ― Ina is a cheerful girl, she likes to laugh, to joke
- viņš bija pazīstams ka omulīgs, jautrs cilvēks ― he was known as a cheerful, happy man
- cheerful, merry, happy (expressing joyful emotions)
- jautri smiekli ― cheerful laughs
- jautras balsis ― cheerful voices
- mātes acis sastapās ar meitas jautrajām, draiskajām acīm ― the mother's eyes met with the daughter's cheerful, playful eyes
- (of animals, their behavior) quick moving, playful, difficult to control; expressing such features
- jautrs kucēns, kaķēns ― playful puppy, kitten
- tas bija lāga runcis, jautrs un pacietīgs ― it was a good tomcat, playful and patient
- ap viņu putni saskrien jautrā čalā ― the birds were running around him in playful chatter
- (figuratively, of water, air flow) fast, turbulent
- virtuves logs uzpūta jautru caurvēja strāvu ― the kitchen window let in a fast draft (lit. draft, wind stream)
- Pār Havannu savilcies pērkona negaisa mākonis, un lietus šļāc jautrām strūklām ― over Havanna the thunderstorm clouds gathered, and the rain poured in fast, turbulent gushes
- funny, amusing, hilarious (relating to jokes and laughter)
- jautrs brauciens, piedzīvojums ― funny, hilarious trip, adventure
- vakars izvērtās skaļš un jautrs; nevienam nebija garlaicīgi ― the evening became loud and funny; nobody was bored
- joyful, exuberant (creating a happy, joyful mood)
- jautrs maršs ― joyful march
- spidēja saule... baltais sniegs vizuļoja tik žilbinoši jautrs, ka gribējās ticēt: pasaulē ir arī laime, ir arī prieks un smiekli ― the sun was shining... the white snow sparkled so dazzlingly, that one wanted to believe: on earth there is happiness, there is joy and laughter
- (of sleep) light, not deep (from which one can easily wake up)
- jautrs miegs ― light sleep
Declension
| masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| nominative | jautrs | jautri | jautra | jautras | |
| genitive | jautra | jautru | jautras | jautru | |
| dative | jautram | jautriem | jautrai | jautrām | |
| accusative | jautru | jautrus | jautru | jautras | |
| instrumental | jautru | jautriem | jautru | jautrām | |
| locative | jautrā | jautros | jautrā | jautrās | |
| vocative | — | — | — | — | |
| masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| nominative | jautrais | jautrie | jautrā | jautrās | |
| genitive | jautrā | jautro | jautrās | jautro | |
| dative | jautrajam | jautrajiem | jautrajai | jautrajām | |
| accusative | jautro | jautros | jautro | jautrās | |
| instrumental | jautro | jautrajiem | jautro | jautrajām | |
| locative | jautrajā | jautrajos | jautrajā | jautrajās | |
| vocative | jautro, jautrais | jautrie | jautro, jautrā | jautrās | |
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “jautrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN